Inquests
Please note that all inquests are subject to alteration
On this page you'll find the details of upcoming inquests in Shropshire. There may be occasions when it's in the interested person's interest – and the bereaved in particular - to hold the inquest quickly. This site should therefore be checked regularly in case an inquest has been listed at short notice. If you have a specific interest in the listing of a case please let us know and we endeavour to keep you informed of any changes.
Pre-Inquest reviews
Pre-inquest reviews are public, but there's likely to be a restriction on what can be reported to prevent any prejudice to the subsequent inquest. In appropriate cases the pre-inquest review may proceed to the inquest itself.
Inquest attendance
For inquests held at the Shirehall, Shrewsbury there is currently a limit of 40 persons (including court staff) being able to attend the hearing due to fire safety reasons, attendance remotely or by telephone also remains an option. Upon arrival please head to main reception at the Shirehall from where you will be directed to the Coroners Court.
If anyone does wish to attend in person or by telephone, including the media, they must contact us on 01743 258540 or by email coroner@shropshire.gov.uk no later than 24 hours before the hearing so that we can check availability. If you or another attendee requires wheelchair access do please let us know beforehand.
Inquests in writing
Inquests can now be concluded under Section 9C of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 i.e. an Inquest conducted in writing with no hearing required.
1 March 2024
Name: Alfred John William McCORMICK
From: Shrewsbury
Date of death: 29 September 2023
Age at death: 18 years
Location of death: Shrewsbury
Date of inquest: 1 March 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: H Westerman, Assistant Coroner
INQUEST - AWAITING NEW DATE FOR LISTING
Name: Victor Trevor COLLINS
From: Wem
Date of death: 21 May 2022
Age at death: 83 years
Location of death: The Royal Shrewsbury Hospital
Date of inquest: 1 March 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: H Westerman, Assistant Coroner
INQUEST - AWAITING NEW DATE FOR LISTING
Name: Hannah PEREIRA SGROI
From: Shrewsbury
Date of death: 6 April 2023
Age at death: 31 years
Location of death: The Royal Shrewsbury Hospital
Date of inquest: 1 March 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: J P Ellery, Senior Coroner
INQUEST - AWAITING NEW DATE FOR LISTING
Name: Simon Lee FOLLOS
From: Market Drayton
Date of death: 22 August 2023
Age at death: 49 years
Location of death: Market Drayton
Date of inquest: 1 March 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: H Westerman, Assistant Coroner
INQUEST - AWAITING NEW DATE FOR LISTING
1 May 2024
Name: Trevor David FURNISS
From: Kidderminister
Date of death: 20 October 2023
Age at death: 66 years
Location of death: Wyre Forest
Date of inquest: 1 May 2024 at 10am
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: H Westerman, Assistant Coroner
INQUEST
3 May 2024
Name: Steve David PRIME
From: Shrewsbury
Date of death: 6 March 2024
Age at death: 68 years
Location of death: Royal Shrewsbury Hospital
Date of inquest: 3 May 2024 at 9:30am
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: H Westerman, Assistant Coroner
OPENING
Name: Alan Walter MEREDITH
From: Telford
Date of death: 21 April 2024
Age at death: 82 years
Location of death: Royal Shrewsbury Hospital
Date of inquest: 3 May 2024 at 9:45am
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: H Westerman, Assistant Coroner
FAST TRACK INQUEST
Name: Brian ASHLEY
From: Market Drayton
Date of death: 22 April 2024
Age at death: 83 years
Location of death: Princess Royal Hospital, Telford
Date of inquest: 3 May 2024 at 9:45am
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: H Westerman, Assistant Coroner
FAST TRACK INQUEST
Name: Kelvin Paul WILSON
From: Donnington, Telford
Date of death: 30 September 2023
Age at death: 66 years
Location of death: The Royal Shrewsbury Hospital
Date of inquest: 3 May 2024 at 10am
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: H Westerman, Assistant Coroner
Pre-Inquest review
Name: David Joseph Leslie WARD
From: David Joseph Leslie WARD
Date of death: 4 September 2023
Age at death: 37 years
Location of death: Telford
Date of inquest: 3 May 2024 at 10:30am
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: H Westerman, Assistant Coroner
INQUEST
Name: William Stephen GREEN
From: Shrewsbury
Date of death: 9 July 2023
Age at death: 52 years
Location of death: Shrewsbury
Date of inquest: 3 May 2024 at 2pm
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: H Westerman, Assistant Coroner
Pre-Inquest review
14 May 2024
Name: Mary Elizabeth Ward NORNABLE
From: Market Drayton
Date of death: 9 September 2023
Age at death: 84 years
Location of death: Market Drayton
Date of inquest: 14 May 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: J P Ellery, Senior Coroner
Inquest - time of listing to be confirmed
Name: Laura CARRILLO SANCHEZ
From: Telford
Date of death: 12 October 2023
Age at death: 27 years
Location of death: A41 Higher Heath, Whitchurch
Date of inquest: 14 May 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: J P Ellery, Senior Coroner
INQUEST - time of hearing to be confirmed
Name: Erica Demelza WILLIAMS
From: Ellesmere
Date of death: 19 November 2023
Age at death: 41 years
Location of death: The Royal Shrewsbury Hospital
Date of inquest: 14 May 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: H Westerman, Assistant Coroner
INQUEST - time of hearing to be confirmed
Name: Deborah Elaine EVANS
From: Dudleston Heath, Ellesmere
Date of death: 28 January 2024
Age at death: 65 years
Location of death: Gobowen, Oswestry
Date of inquest: 14 May 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: J P Ellery, Senior Coroner
INQUEST - time of hearing to be confirmed
22 May 2024
Name: Zoe Jayne MILLS
From: Shrewsbury
Date of death: 15 February 2024
Age at death: 49 years
Location of death: The Royal Shrewsbury Hospital
Date of inquest: 22 May 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: J P Ellery, Senior Coroner
INQUEST - time of hearing to be confirmed
Name: Gavin Christopher LEWIS
From: No fixed abode
Date of death: 20 September 2023
Age at death: 46 years
Location of death: Telford
Date of inquest: 22 May 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: J P Ellery, Senior Coroner
INQUEST - time of hearing to be confirmed
23 May 2024
Name: Mark Ian HAYWOOD
From: Albrighton
Date of death: 25 November 2022
Age at death: 57 years
Location of death: The Princess Royal Hospital, Telford
Date of inquest: 23 May 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: H Westerman, Assistant Coroner
INQUEST - time of listing to be confirmed
Name: Dominika Maria OGONOWSKA
From: Wellington
Date of death: 13 December 2023
Age at death: 22 years
Location of death: Wellington
Date of inquest: 23 May 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: H Westerman, Assistant Coroner
INQUEST - time of listing to be confirmed
Name: Ian LATHAM
From: Whitchurch
Date of death: 25 December 2023
Age at death: 42 years
Location of death: Whitchurch
Date of inquest: 23 May 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: H Westerman, Assistant Coroner
INQUEST - time to be confirmed
Name: Alfred SHARP
From: Telford
Date of death: 2 January 2024
Age at death: 76 years
Location of death: Princess Royal Hospital, Telford
Date of inquest: 23 May 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: H Westerman, Assistant Coroner
INQUEST - time to be confirmed
Name: Maureen Ann LYMN
From: Oswestry
Date of death: 20 January 2024
Age at death: 86 years
Location of death: Oswestry
Date of inquest: 23 May 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: H Westerman, Assistant Coroner
INQUEST - time of hearing to be confirmed
31 May 2024
Name: Stephen Paul MORRIS
From: Market Drayton
Date of death: 12 November 2023
Age at death: -1284 hours and 57 minutes
Location of death: Market Drayton
Date of inquest: 31 May 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: H Westerman, Assistant Coroner
INQUEST - time to be confirmed
Name: Barry Sidney RUSSELL
From: Shrewsbury
Date of death: 19 November 2023
Age at death: 78 years
Location of death: Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham
Date of inquest: 31 May 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: H Westerman, Assistant Coroner
INQUEST - time to be confirmed
6 June 2024
Name: Keiron Roy SMITH
From: Telford
Date of death: 1 January 2024
Age at death: 21 years
Location of death: Telford
Date of inquest: 6 June 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: J P Ellery, Senior Coroner
INQUEST - time to be confirmed
Name: Chloe GREENWOOD
From: St Georges, Telford
Date of death: 9 October 2023
Age at death: 18 years
Location of death: Royal Stoke University Hospital
Date of inquest: 6 June 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: J P Ellery, Senior Coroner
Pre-inquest review
Name: Colin Dudley LINE
From: Telford
Date of death: 24 January 2024
Age at death: 74 years
Location of death: Telford
Date of inquest: 6 June 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: J P Ellery, Senior Coroner
INQUEST - time to be confirmed
12 June 2024
Name: Ann Elizabeth PREECE
From: Telford
Date of death: 16 December 2023
Age at death: 75 years
Location of death: Royal Shrewsbury Hospital
Date of inquest: 12 June 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: J P Ellery, Senior Coroner
INQUEST - time to be confirmed
Name: Daniele VAITEVICIUTE
From: Wolverhampton
Date of death: 30 January 2024
Age at death: 15 years
Location of death: Birmingham Children's Hospital
Date of inquest: 12 June 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: J P Ellery, Senior Coroner
INQUEST - time of hearing to be confirmed
Name: Craig MACKENZIE
From: Picklescott, Church Stretton
Date of death: 5 February 2024
Age at death: 62 years
Location of death: Roden
Date of inquest: 12 June 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: J P Ellery, Senior Coroner
INQUEST - time to be confirmed
Name: Lisa Anne FEWTRELL
From: Shifnal
Date of death: 22 February 2024
Age at death: 52 years
Location of death: Shifnal
Date of inquest: 12 June 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: J P Ellery, Senior Coroner
INQUEST - time to be confirmed
21 June 2024
Name: Kyle John Geoff PUGH
From: Newport
Date of death: 23 March 2022
Age at death: 29 years
Location of death: The Princess Royal Hospital, Telford
Date of inquest: 21 June 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: J P Ellery, Senior Coroner
INQUEST - time of hearing to be confirmed
Name: Robert William EVANS
From: Ludlow
Date of death: 18 February 2024
Age at death: 32 years
Location of death: Glasgow
Date of inquest: 21 June 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: H Westerman, Assistant Coroner
INQUEST - time of listing to be confirmed
Name: Harry HULL-MERRICK
From: Wellington
Date of death: 4 February 2024
Age at death: 36 years
Location of death: Worcester
Date of inquest: 21 June 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: H Westerman, Assistant Coroner
INQUEST - time of listing to be confirmed
26 June 2024
Name: Derek John HAWKES
From: Doseley, Telford
Date of death: 12 December 2023
Age at death: 81 years
Location of death: Royal Stoke University Hospital
Date of inquest: 26 June 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: H Westerman, Assistant Coroner
INQUEST - time to be confirmed
Name: Emma Jayne Ann BOND
From: Brough
Date of death: 7 February 2024
Age at death: 33 years
Location of death: Shrewsbury
Date of inquest: 26 June 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: J P Ellery, Senior Coroner
INQUEST - time of listing to be confirmed
3 July 2024
Name: William John HUBBARD
From: Shifnal
Date of death: 27 May 2023
Age at death: 19 years
Location of death: Shifnal
Date of inquest: 3 July 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: H Westerman, Assistant Coroner
INQUEST - time of listing to be confirmed
Name: Charlotte Elizabeth THOMAS
From: Shrewsbury
Date of death: 27 March 2024
Age at death: 35 years
Location of death: Shrewsbury
Date of inquest: 3 July 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: J P Ellery, Senior Coroner
INQUEST - time of listing to be confirmed
Name: Michael Alan HAYLETT
From: Shrewsbury
Date of death: 10 January 2024
Age at death: 86 years
Location of death: Shrewsbury
Date of inquest: 3 July 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: H Westerman, Assistant Coroner
INQUEST - time of hearing to be confirmed
Name: Michael David HOPLEY
From: Northwich, Cheshire
Date of death: 23 March 2024
Age at death: 79 years
Location of death: Oswestry
Date of inquest: 3 July 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: J P Ellery, Senior Coroner
INQUEST - time of listing to be confirmed
12 July 2024
Name: Benjamin Anthony Edward WORRALL
From: Pontesbury
Date of death: 1 October 2023
Age at death: 17 years
Location of death: A458, Rowton Castle
Date of inquest: 12 July 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: H Westerman, Assistant Coroner
INQUEST - time of hearing to be confirmed
Name: Carl James HARKINS
From: Madeley, Telford
Date of death: 16 July 2023
Age at death: 21 years
Location of death: Water Upton, Telford
Date of inquest: 12 July 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: H Westerman, Assistant Coroner
INQUEST - date and time to be confirmed
16 July 2024
Name: Phyllis Maureen TREVATT
From: Wem
Date of death: 28 March 2024
Age at death: 87 years
Location of death: The Royal Shrewsbury Hospital
Date of inquest: 16 July 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: J P Ellery, Senior Coroner
INQUEST - time of listing to be confirmed
Name: Michael Earl HUBBARD
From: Burford
Date of death: 25 March 2024
Age at death: 43 years
Location of death: Burford
Date of inquest: 16 July 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: J P Ellery, Senior Coroner
INQUEST - time of listing to be confirmed
Name: Eliza NGABA
From: Broseley
Date of death: 15 August 2022
Age at death: 2 years
Location of death: The Princess Royal Hospital, Telford
Date of inquest: 16 July 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: J P Ellery, Senior Coroner
INQUEST - time of listing to be confirmed
Name: Ralph Arthur ALLARD-BLACKSHAW
From: Codsall
Date of death: 19 March 2024
Age at death: 25 years
Location of death: Bridgnorth
Date of inquest: 16 July 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: J P Ellery, Senior Coroner
INQUEST - time of listing to be confirmed
24 July 2024
Name: Robert Neville FROST
From: Shrewsbury
Date of death: 21 February 2024
Age at death: 57 years
Location of death: Shrewsbury
Date of inquest: 24 July 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: J P Ellery, Senior Coroner
INQUEST - time to be confirmed
Name: Steven HARMON
From: Market Drayton
Date of death: 5 March 2024
Age at death: 44 years
Location of death: Market Drayton
Date of inquest: 24 July 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: J P Ellery, Senior Coroner
INQUEST - date to be confirmed
Name: Nicholas ROBERTS
From: Oswestry
Date of death: 16 March 2024
Age at death: 46 years
Location of death: Oswestry
Date of inquest: 24 July 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: J P Ellery, Senior Coroner
INQUEST - time to be confirmed
30 July 2024
Name: Paul Jeffrey WILKINS
From: Wellington, Telford
Date of death: 10 April 2022
Age at death: 58 years
Location of death: Princess Royal Hospital, Telford
Date of inquest: 30 July 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: J P Ellery, Senior Coroner
INQUEST
10 September 2024
Name: Madison Jean EVANS
From: Cressage
Date of death: 28 November 2023
Age at death: 17 years
Location of death: Nr Much Wenlock
Date of inquest: 10 September 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: J P Ellery, Senior Coroner
Inquest - time of listing to be confirmed
20 September 2024
Name: Stewart BODEN
From: Market Drayton
Date of death: 24 January 2022
Age at death: 69 years
Location of death: Bicton, Shrewsbury
Date of inquest: 20 September 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: H Westerman, Assistant Coroner
INQUEST - time of listing to be confirmed
6 November 2024
Name: Russell John GITTINS
From: Shrewsbury
Date of death: 18 January 2024
Age at death: 54 years
Location of death: Shawbury
Date of inquest: 6 November 2024 time pending
Inquest venue: Coroner’s Court for Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin, Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND
Heard by: J P Ellery, Senior Coroner
INQUEST - time of hearing to be confirmed